Adjuvant chemotherapy versus adjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy after radical surgery for early-stage cervical cancer: a randomized, non-inferiority, multicenter trial / 医学前沿

We conducted a prospective study to assess the non-inferiority of adjuvant chemotherapy alone versus adjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) as an alternative strategy for patients with early-stage (FIGO 2009 stage IB-IIA) cervical cancer having risk factors after surgery. The condition was assessed in terms of prognosis, adverse effects, and quality of life. This randomized trial involved nine centers across China. Eligible patients were randomized to receive adjuvant chemotherapy or CCRT after surgery. The primary end-point was progression-free survival (PFS). From December 2012 to December 2014, 337 patients were subjected to randomization. Final analysis included 329 patients, including 165 in the adjuvant chemotherapy group and 164 in the adjuvant CCRT group. The median follow-up was 72.1 months. The three-year PFS rates were both 91.9%, and the five-year OS was 90.6% versus 90.0% in adjuvant chemotherapy and CCRT groups, respectively. No significant differences were observed in the PFS or OS between groups. The adjusted HR for PFS was 0.854 (95% confidence interval 0.415-1.757; P = 0.667) favoring adjuvant chemotherapy, excluding the predefined non-inferiority boundary of 1.9. The chemotherapy group showed a tendency toward good quality of life. In comparison with post-operative adjuvant CCRT, adjuvant chemotherapy treatment showed non-inferior efficacy in patients with early-stage cervical cancer having pathological risk factors. Adjuvant chemotherapy alone is a favorable alternative post-operative treatment.

Twenty-Five Year Trend Change in the Etiology of Pediatric Invasive Bacterial Infections in Korea, 1996–2020

Background@#The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has contributed to the change in the epidemiology of many infectious diseases. This study aimed to establish the pre-pandemic epidemiology of pediatric invasive bacterial infection (IBI). @*Methods@#A retrospective multicenter-based surveillance for pediatric IBIs has been maintained from 1996 to 2020 in Korea. IBIs caused by eight bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseria meningitidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Listeria monocytogenes, and Salmonella species) in immunocompetent children > 3 months of age were collected at 29 centers. The annual trend in the proportion of IBIs by each pathogen was analyzed. @*Results@#A total of 2,195 episodes were identified during the 25-year period between 1996 and 2020. S. pneumoniae (42.4%), S. aureus (22.1%), and Salmonella species (21.0%) were common in children 3 to 59 months of age. In children ≥ 5 years of age, S. aureus (58.1%), followed by Salmonella species (14.8%) and S. pneumoniae (12.2%) were common. Excluding the year 2020, there was a trend toward a decrease in the relative proportions of S. pneumoniae (rs = −0.430, P = 0.036), H. influenzae (rs = −0.922, P 3 months of age. These findings can be used as the baseline data to navigate the trend in the epidemiology of pediatric IBI in the post COVID-19 era.

Targeting a cryptic allosteric site of SIRT6 with small-molecule inhibitors that inhibit the migration of pancreatic cancer cells

SIRT6 belongs to the conserved NAD+-dependent deacetylase superfamily and mediates multiple biological and pathological processes. Targeting SIRT6 by allosteric modulators represents a novel direction for therapeutics, which can overcome the selectivity problem caused by the structural similarity of orthosteric sites among deacetylases. Here, developing a reversed allosteric strategy AlloReverse, we identified a cryptic allosteric site, Pocket Z, which was only induced by the bi-directional allosteric signal triggered upon orthosteric binding of NAD+. Based on Pocket Z, we discovered an SIRT6 allosteric inhibitor named JYQ-42. JYQ-42 selectively targets SIRT6 among other histone deacetylases and effectively inhibits SIRT6 deacetylation, with an IC50 of 2.33 μmol/L. JYQ-42 significantly suppresses SIRT6-mediated cancer cell migration and pro-inflammatory cytokine production. JYQ-42, to our knowledge, is the most potent and selective allosteric SIRT6 inhibitor. This study provides a novel strategy for allosteric drug design and will help in the challenging development of therapeutic agents that can selectively bind SIRT6.

Characteristics of Self-esteem and Life Position of Children with Mild Intellectual Disability / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective To study the characteristics of self-esteem and life position of children with mild intellectual disability and the effects of adaptive behavior on self-esteem and life position. Methods From November, 2019 to January, 2020, 162 children with mild intellectual disabilities in Shanghai were investigated and evaluated with Adaptive Behavior Assessment System-Second version (ABAS-Ⅱ), Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (SES) and Life Position Scale (LPS). Structural equation model was used to explore the specific effects of adaptive behavior on self-esteem and life position. Results The score of SES was (23.52±5.49), which was slightly lower than the norm (28.75±4.86) (t = -12.140, P < 0.001). The score of LPS was (50.76±11.85). Structural equation model showed that conceptual skill in adaptive behavior negatively affected life position (B = -0.450, P < 0.05); social skill (B = 0.480, B = 0.331, P < 0.05) and practical skill (B = 0.490, B = 0.294, P < 0.05) positively affected both life position and self-esteem. Conclusion Self-esteem decreases in children with mild intellectual disability, and the life position reached the theoretical median level. Among adaptive behavior, both social skill and practical skill positively affect self-esteem and life position, while conceptual skill negatively affects life position.

Characteristics of Self-esteem and Life Position of Children with Mild Intellectual Disability / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective To study the characteristics of self-esteem and life position of children with mild intellectual disability and the effects of adaptive behavior on self-esteem and life position. Methods From November, 2019 to January, 2020, 162 children with mild intellectual disabilities in Shanghai were investigated and evaluated with Adaptive Behavior Assessment System-Second version (ABAS-Ⅱ), Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (SES) and Life Position Scale (LPS). Structural equation model was used to explore the specific effects of adaptive behavior on self-esteem and life position. Results The score of SES was (23.52±5.49), which was slightly lower than the norm (28.75±4.86) (t = -12.140, P < 0.001). The score of LPS was (50.76±11.85). Structural equation model showed that conceptual skill in adaptive behavior negatively affected life position (B = -0.450, P < 0.05); social skill (B = 0.480, B = 0.331, P < 0.05) and practical skill (B = 0.490, B = 0.294, P < 0.05) positively affected both life position and self-esteem. Conclusion Self-esteem decreases in children with mild intellectual disability, and the life position reached the theoretical median level. Among adaptive behavior, both social skill and practical skill positively affect self-esteem and life position, while conceptual skill negatively affects life position.

Malnutrition in Relation with Dietary, Geographical, and Socioeconomic Factors among Older Chinese / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

Objective@#Nutrition is closely related to the health of the elderly population. This study aimed to provide a comprehensive picture of the nutrition status of elderly Chinese and its related dietary, geographical, and socioeconomic factors.@*Methods@#A total of 13,987 ≥ 60-year-old persons from the 2010-2013 Chinese National Nutrition and Health Survey were included to evaluate various aspects of malnutrition, including underweight, overweight or obesity, and micronutrient inadequacy.@*Results@#Overall, the prevalence of obesity, overweight, and underweight was 12.4%, 34.8%, and 5.7%, respectively, with disparities both geographically and socioeconomically. The prevalence of underweight was higher among the older old (≥ 75 years), rural residents and those with low income, with low education status, and residing in undeveloped West areas. More than 75% of the elderly do not meet the Dietary Reference Intakes for vitamins A, B @*Conclusions@#Obesity epidemic, inadequacy of micronutrient intake, and high prevalence of underweight and anemia in susceptible older people are the major nutrition challenges for the rapidly aging population in China.

Association between Baseline SBP/DBP and All-Cause Mortality in Residents of Shanxi, China: A Population-based Cohort Study from 2002 to 2015 / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

Objective@#To investigate the association between blood pressure and all-cause mortality in Shanxi, China.@*Methods@#The '2002 China Nutrition and Health Survey' baseline data in Shanxi province was used. A retrospective investigation was performed in 2015. The effects of SBP and DBP on the all-cause mortality were analyzed using the Cox regression model. The hazard ratio ( @*Results@#The follow-up rate was 76.52% over 13 years, while the cumulative mortality rate for all participants was 917.12/100,000 person-years. The mortality rose with an increasing SBP ( @*Conclusion@#Adults with SBP > 160 mmHg and DBP > 100 mmHg had a higher mortality risk. Sex and age difference was noted in both DBP and mortality risk.

Abdominal Obesity and Its Attribution to All-cause Mortality in the General Population with 14 Years Follow-up: Findings from Shanxi Cohort in China / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

Objective@#This study aimed to assess the association of waist circumference (WC) with all-cause mortality among Chinese adults.@*Methods@#The baseline data were from Shanxi Province of 2002 China Nutrition and Health Survey. The death investigation and follow-up visit were conducted from December 2015 to March 2016. The visits covered up to 5,360 of 7,007 participants, representing a response rate of 76.5%. The Cox regression model and floating absolute risk were used to estimate hazard ratio and 95% floating of death by gender and age groups (≥ 60 and < 60 years old). Sensitivity analysis was performed by excluding current smokers; participants with stroke, hypertension, and diabetes; participants who accidentally died; and participants who died during the first 2 years of follow-up.@*Results@#This study followed 67,129 person-years for 12.5 years on average, including 615 deaths. The mortality density was 916 per 100,000 person-years. Low WC was associated with all-cause mortality among men. Multifactor-adjusted hazard ratios ( ) were 1.60 (1.35-1.90) for WC < 75.0 cm and 1.40 (1.11-1.76) for WC ranging from 75.0 cm to 79.9 cm. Low WC (< 70.0 cm and 70.0-74.9 cm) and high WC (≥ 95.0 cm) groups had a high risk of mortality among women. The adjusted s of death were 1.43 (1.11-1.83), 1.39 (1.05-1.84), and 1.91 (1.13-3.22).@*Conclusion@#WC was an important predictor of death independent of body mass index (BMI). WC should be used as a simple rapid screening and predictive indicator of the risk of death.

Mu-Opioid Receptors Expressed in Glutamatergic Neurons are Essential for Morphine Withdrawal / 神经科学通报·英文版

Although opioids still remain the most powerful pain-killers, the chronic use of opioid analgesics is largely limited by their numerous side-effects, including opioid dependence. However, the mechanism underlying this dependence is largely unknown. In this study, we used the withdrawal symptoms precipitated by naloxone to characterize opioid dependence in mice. We determined the functional role of mu-opioid receptors (MORs) expressed in different subpopulations of neurons in the development of morphine withdrawal. We found that conditional deletion of MORs from glutamatergic neurons expressing vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (Vglut2) largely eliminated the naloxone-precipitated withdrawal symptoms. In contrast, conditional deletion of MORs expressed in GABAergic neurons had a limited effect on morphine withdrawal. Consistently, mice with MORs deleted from Vglut2 glutamatergic neurons also showed no morphine-induced locomotor hyperactivity. Furthermore, morphine withdrawal and morphine-induced hyperactivity were not significantly affected by conditional knockout of MORs from dorsal spinal neurons. Taken together, our data indicate that the development of morphine withdrawal is largely mediated by MORs expressed in Vglut2 glutamatergic neurons.

An update on the role of long non-coding RNAs in psoriasis / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

Increasing evidence suggests that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are of vital importance for various biological processes, and dysregulation of lncRNAs is frequently associated with various diseases such as psoriasis. LncRNAs modulate gene expression at the transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and translational levels; however, the specific regulatory mechanisms of lncRNAs in psoriasis remain largely unexplored. This review provides an overview of recent studies investigating mechanisms and functions of lncRNAs in psoriasis, especially focusing on the role of lncRNAs in keratinocytes, T cells, and dendritic cells.

Mechanism of Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus Lignans in Alleviating Learning and Memory Ability in D-galactose Aging Mice / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To study the effect of Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus lignans (SCL) on learning and memory ability of D-galactose（D-gal）-induced aging model mice. Method:ICR mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: normal group (distilled water, subcutaneous injection with normal saline), model group (distilled water, subcutaneous injection with 200 mg·kg-1D-gal), piracetam group (oral administration with 200 mg·kg-1 piracetam, subcutaneous injection with 200 mg·kg-1D-gal), low-dose SCL group (oral administration with 50 mg·kg-1·d-1 SCL, subcutaneous injection with 200 mg·kg-1·d-1 D-gal), medium-dose SCL group (oral administration with 100 mg·kg-1·d-1 SCL, subcutaneous injection with 200 mg·kg-1·d-1D-gal), high-dose SCL group (oral administration with 200 mg·kg-1·d-1 SCL, subcutaneous injection with 200 mg·kg-1·d-1 D-gal). The drugs were administered continuously for 10 weeks. Dark test and Morris water maze test were performed to observe the effect of SCL on the learning and memory ability of D-gal-induced aging mice. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in mouse brain tissue were detected by chemical colorimetry. The expressions of peroxiredoxin-6（Prdx6） and glutathione peroxidase 1（GSH-Px1） mRNA in mouse brain tissue were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The expressions of Prdx6 and GSH-Px1 protein in mouse tissues were detected by Western blot. Result:In behavioral experiments, compared with normal group, the number of dark avoidance errors in model group significantly increased (P<0.05), the latency was significantly reduced (P<0.01), and the number of mouse passes and the target quadrant residence time were significantly reduced (P<0.01), which can be used as an indicator of successful modeling. Compared with the model group, the number of errors in the piracetam group, and medium and high-dose SCL groups was significantly reduced (P<0.05，P<0.01), and the latency was significantly prolonged (P<0.05，P<0.01). At the same time, the number of water maze passes and the target quadrant retention time in the high-dose SCL group increased significantly (P<0.01). The results of biochemical indicators showed that compared with normal group, the SOD activity in brain tissue of model group mice was significantly reduced (P<0.01), while the MDA content was increased (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, SOD activity in the brain tissues of piracetam group, and low, medium and high-dose piracetam groups was significantly increased (P<0.05), whereas the level of MDA was reduced (P<0.05). The expressions of Prdx6 and GSH-Px1 were significantly increased (P<0.05，P<0.01), indicating that the SCL administration group was dose-dependent. Conclusion:SCL can improve the learning and memory ability of D-gal-induced aging mice, which may be related to the anti-oxidation ability of SCL and the up-regulation of Prdx6 and GSH-Px1 expressions in mouse brain tissue.

Relationship between serum ferritin levels and metabolic syndrome in adults / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

Objective:To access the independent associations between serum ferritin quintile levels and metabolic syndrome (MS) in adults of different genders.Methods:19 563 participants over the age of 18 years were recruited from "TCLSIH Cohort Study" from 2007 to 2015. Serum ferritin concentration was measured by Enzyme-linked immunoassay, while metabolic syndrome was diagnosed according to MS diagnostic criteria formulated by Chinese Diabetes Society in 2013. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between serum ferritin quintile levels and the prevalence of MS in males and females. Results:After adjusting the confounding factors, the overall prevalence of MS gradually increased with the increasing of serum ferritin levels, similar results were observed in males and females. Subjects were divided into 5 subgroups according to serum ferritin levels. Compared with level 1 group, logistic regression showed that the serum ferritin quintiles of males and females ranged from low to high, the OR (95% confidence interval) for metabolic syndrome were 1.142 (0.998, 1.307), 1.382 (1.210, 1.579), 1.680 (1.472, 1.917), 2.085 (1.827, 2.380), respectively ( Ptrend<0.01), and 1.147 (0.911, 1.444), 1.346 (1.075, 1.687), 1.567 (1.268, 1.941), 2.444 (1.981, 3.023), respectively ( Ptrend<0.01). Conclusion:The elevated ferritin levels were positively related to the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in adults of different genders.

Mu-Opioid Receptors Expressed in Glutamatergic Neurons are Essential for Morphine Withdrawal / 神经科学通报·英文版

Although opioids still remain the most powerful pain-killers, the chronic use of opioid analgesics is largely limited by their numerous side-effects, including opioid dependence. However, the mechanism underlying this dependence is largely unknown. In this study, we used the withdrawal symptoms precipitated by naloxone to characterize opioid dependence in mice. We determined the functional role of mu-opioid receptors (MORs) expressed in different subpopulations of neurons in the development of morphine withdrawal. We found that conditional deletion of MORs from glutamatergic neurons expressing vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (Vglut2) largely eliminated the naloxone-precipitated withdrawal symptoms. In contrast, conditional deletion of MORs expressed in GABAergic neurons had a limited effect on morphine withdrawal. Consistently, mice with MORs deleted from Vglut2 glutamatergic neurons also showed no morphine-induced locomotor hyperactivity. Furthermore, morphine withdrawal and morphine-induced hyperactivity were not significantly affected by conditional knockout of MORs from dorsal spinal neurons. Taken together, our data indicate that the development of morphine withdrawal is largely mediated by MORs expressed in Vglut2 glutamatergic neurons.

Childhood BMI and Adult Obesity in a Chinese Sample: A 13-Year Follow-up Study / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

OBJECTIVE@#Obesity is recognized as a significant risk factor for diabetes and hypertension. The present study aimed to examine the associations between adults'obesity risk and childhood and parental obesity.@*METHODS@#A total of 204 children aged 6-17 years were recruited in 2002 with an average follow-up period of 13.2 years. Height and body weight were measured by trained staffs. Overweight and obesity were defined based on the Chinese standard for children and adults. T-test, analysis of variance, and Chi-square analysis were used for single factor analysis. Multiple linear and logistic regression analyses were used to perform multifactor analysis.@*RESULTS@#The percentage of non-obese children who grew up to be non-obese adults was 62.6%, and that of obese children who grew up to be obese adults was 80.0%. There was a significant association between childhood body mass index (BMI) and adulthood BMI with a β regression coefficient of 3.76 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.36-6.16], and between childhood obesity and adulthood obesity with an odds ratio of 5.76 (95% CI: 1.37-24.34). There was no statistical difference between parental obesity at baseline and children's adulthood obesity, after adjustment of confounders. Male participants and those aged 10.0-13.0 years had a higher risk of adulthood obesity with odds ratios of 2.50 (95% CI: 1.12-5.26) and 3.62 (95% CI: 1.17-11.24), respectively.@*CONCLUSION@#Childhood obesity is an important predictor of adulthood obesity.

Trends in Lipids Level and Dyslipidemia among Chinese Adults, 2002-2015 / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

OBJECTIVE To investigate the trends of lipid profiles and dyslipidemia among Chinese adults from 2002 to 2015. METHODS Data were collected from three nationally representative cross-sectional surveys. Fasting venous blood samples were collected and serum lipids were tested by biochemical analysis and enzymatic determination. Lipid levels and the prevalence of dyslipidemia among adults were analyzed with complex sampling weighting adjustment for age and gender. RESULTS The weighted means of TC, TG, and LDL-c significantly increased linearly from 3.93, 1.12, and 2.12 mmol/L in 2002 to 4.59, 1.41, and 2.78 mmol/L in 2010 and then to 4.63, 1.47, and 2.87 mmol/L in 2015, respectively; by contrast, HDL-c levels decreased significantly from 1.30 mmol/L to 1.26 mmol/L over the same period. Similar trends in mean non-HDL-c and lipid-related ratios were observed. The weighted dyslipidemia prevalence linearly increased; in particular, hypercholesterolemia increased from 1.6% to 5.6% and then to 5.8%, hypertriglyceridemia increased from 5.7% to 13.6% and then to 15.0%, low HDL-c increased from 18.8% to 35.5% and then to 24.9%, and high LDL-c increased from 1.3% to 5.6% and then to 7.2% (P for trend < 0.001). CONCLUSION Dyslipidemia increased among Chinese adults from 2002 to 2015. Development of a comprehensive strategy to decrease lipid levels in this population is urgently required.

Erratum: Addition of a Co-Author: Etiology of Invasive Bacterial Infections in Immunocompetent Children in Korea (2006–2010): a Retrospective Multicenter Study

The authors regret that one co-author (Kyung-Hyo Kim) was missing in the article.

Study on the effect of serum uric acid on metabolic disorders / 中华健康管理学杂志

Objective To evaluate the prediction value of serum uric acid level in the occurrence of multiple metabolic disorders.Methods The subjects are from the Health Management Centre,Tianjin Medical University General Hospital.Four kinds of metabolic diseases,namely type 2 diabetes mellitus,hypertension,hyperlipidemia,and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD),were analyzed by four-cohort analysis.Sample sizes were 56 915,47 387,31 431,and 35 203.The average follow-up time for each cohort was (3.56±2.32),(3.31±2.24),(2.70±1.95),(2.90± 1.76) years,respectively.In each cohort,the population was divided into two groups,depending on the occurrence of type 2 diabetes,hypertension,hyperlipidemia,and NAFLD during follow-up.All relevant variables were tested for baseline and follow-up,including laboratory tests,lifestyle questionnaire,and physical examination.Statistical analysis by Cox proportional hazard regression model was performed for the relationships between the fifth percentile of the distribution of serum uric acid levels and incidence of type 2 diabetes,hypertension,hyperlipidemia,and NAFLD.Results During the follow-up period,the incidence of type 2 diabetes,hypertension,hyperlipidemia,and NAFLD were 3.5％,17.6％,33.4％,and 15.7％,respectively.After adjustment for confounding factors,with the increase in serum uric acid level,the hazard ratios (95％CI) of type 2 diabetes were 1.00,0.82 (0.70,0.95),0.80 (0.69,0.92),0.77 (0.67,0.88),and 0.83 (0.72,0.95) (P=0.02).Meanwhile,higher risk of hypertension,hyperlipidemia,and NAFLD were associated with elevated serum uric acid level.In the group with the highest serum uric acid level in each cohort,the hazard ratio (95％CI) of hypertension,hyperlipidemia,and NAFLD were 1.17 (1.09,1.25),1.20 (1.13,1.28),and 1.56 (1.43,1.70),respectively (P＜ 0.01),as compared to the group with the lowest level.Conclusion Serum uric acid levels have a positive predictive value for the occurrence of hypertension,hyperlipidemia,and NAFLD,but have a negative predictive value for type 2 diabetes.

Etiology of Invasive Bacterial Infections in Immunocompetent Children in Korea (2006–2010): a Retrospective Multicenter Study

BACKGROUND: Invasive bacterial infections in apparently immunocompetent children were retrospectively analyzed to figure causative bacterial organisms in Korea. METHODS: A total of 947 cases from 25 university hospitals were identified from 2006 to 2010 as a continuance of a previous 10-year period study from 1996 to 2005. RESULTS: Escherichia coli (41.3%), Streptococcus agalactiae (27.7%), and Staphylococcus aureus (27.1%) were the most common pathogens in infants < 3 months of age. S. agalactiae was the most prevalent cause of meningitis and pneumonia and E. coli was the major cause of bacteremia without localizing signs in this group. In children 3 to 59 months of age, Streptococcus pneumoniae (54.2%), S. aureus (20.5%), and Salmonella spp. (14.4%) were the most common pathogens. S. pneumoniae was the leading cause of pneumonia (86.0%), meningitis (65.0%), and bacteremia without localizing signs (49.0%) in this group. In children ≥ 5 years of age, S. aureus (62.8%) was the predominant pathogen, followed by Salmonella species (12.4%) and S. pneumoniae (11.5%). Salmonella species (43.0%) was the most common cause of bacteremia without localizing signs in this group. The relative proportion of S. aureus increased significantly over the 15-year period (1996–2010) in children ≥ 3 months of age (P < 0.001), while that of Haemophilus influenzae decreased significantly in both < 3 months of age group (P = 0.036) and ≥ 3 months of age groups (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: S. agalactiae, E. coli, S. pneumoniae, and S. aureus are common etiologic agents of invasive bacterial infections in Korean children.

Association of vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms with susceptibility to bone and joint tuberculosis in Chinese Han population / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the association between vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene Apa I polymorphism and the susceptibility to bone and joint tuberculosis in Chinese Han population.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Between May, 2015 and June, 2016, 100 patients with bone and joint tuberculosis and 100 healthy volunteers were recruited concomitantly in Heyuan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Vitamin D receptor gene Apa I polymorphisms in these subjects were analyzed using SNaPshot.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The genotype frequencies of Apa I-AA, Apa I-Aa and Apa I-aa were 51%, 41%, and 8% in the case group and 33%, 55%, and 12% in the control group, respectively, showing significant differences between the two groups (P<0.05). The genotype of Apa I-AA was significantly higher in the case group with an odds ratio (OR) of 2.073 (95% CI: 1.142-3.763).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The Apa I polymorphisms of the VDR gene are associated with the susceptibility to bone and joint tuberculosis in Chinese Han population, and individuals with a Apa I-AA genotype are at greater risks to develop bone and joint tuberculosis.</p>

The application value of preoperative medical adhesive locating in performing thoracoscopy for small pulmonary nodules / 介入放射学杂志

Objective To study the application value of preoperative medical adhesive locating in performing thoracoscopy for small pulmonary nodules (SPN).Methods The clinical data of 41 patients with solitary SPN,who received thoracoscopy with the help of preoperative locating procedure,were retrospective analyzed.The preoperative locating methods included medical adhesive locating (n=22,medical adhesive group) and Hook-wire locating (n=19,Hook-wire group).The locating effects,complications,the time of engagement stage and the time used for pulmonary wedge resection were determined,and the results were compared between the two groups.Results The locating of SPN was successfully accomplished in all patients of both groups.The incidences of pneumothorax,pulmonary hemorrhage and chest pain in the medical adhesive group were 18.2％,9.1％ and 4.5％ respectively,which were lower than those in the Hook-wire group;among them the difference in the incidence of pulmonary hemorrhage between the two groups was statistically significant (P＜0.01).No-complication rate in the medical adhesive group (63.6％) was higher than that in the Hook-wire group (21.1％),and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).The time of engagement stage for patients in the medical adhesive group was (16.32±8.83) hours,which was longer than (3.29±4.21) hours in the Hook-wire group,the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P＜0.01).The time used for puhnonary wedge resection in the medical adhesive group and in the Hook-wire group was (21.14±7.01) min and (18.58±5.22) min respectively,the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant (P＞0.05).Conclusion Preoperative medical adhesive locating for the performance of thoracoscopy for SPN is safe and effective,it carries less complications when compared with Hook-wirelocating method and can obtain a longer interwal period,therefore,this technique has high application valuein clinical practice.